Endocrine Abstracts

Non alcoholic steatohepatitis (EHNA) is diagnosed by hepatic biopsy. Its etiology is uncertain but obesity is present in 69–100% of all cases and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) in about 34–75%.Objectives: To study the prevalence of EHNA in morbidly obese patients and determine if there is a difference between the prevalence in patients with and without carbohydrate metabolism disorders.Patients and methods: Prospective stu...

Introduction: Several haemostatic disturbances have been described in obese patients. Nevertheless, the state of coagulation inhibitors has been scarcely studied in these patients. Activated protein C (APC) is the anticoagulant enzyme formed upon activation of the protein C (PC) by the thrombin-thrombomodulin complex on the surface of endothelial cells. Morbid obesity is associated to endothelial dysfunction, which could cause a reduction in APC generation.<p class="abstex...

MA is a marker of greatly increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in T2DM patients.Objective: To perform a prospective study of normoalbuminuric T2DM patients, analysing the association between CVRF at baseline and the development of MA at follow-up.Materials and methods: The prospective observational study was performed at Montes de Barbanza public health center, a specialized secondary referral center, which provides ser...

Introduction: Iodine is the key element for the synthesis of thyroid hormones and its intake modulates the physiology and physiopathology of thyroid gland. In Portugal, endemic goiter has disappeared, but some data make us consider that iodine intake, as in other European areas, is far from being sufficient. Taking into account the potential harmful effects of moderate iodine deficiency during pregnancy, when needs are increased, and the absence of recent data on iodine intake...

Cushing’s syndrome is a rare disorder in children and adolescents. The diagnosis can be a challenge for the clinician, as its principal feature – obesity – is extremely common. We present three cases diagnosed in the last 20 years. The first one was a boy aged 17 that presented in 1984 with central obesity, acne, moon face with plethora, abdominal striae, easy bruising and skin atrophy. The investigations performed consisted in cortisol and ACTH plasma measureme...

Introduction: Adrenal insufficiency is a life-threatening disease caused by primary adrenal failure or secondary adrenal failure due to an impairment of hypothalamic-pituitary axis that affects adrenal cortisol synthesis. It is characterized by deficient production of glucocorticoids and may be associated with mineralocorticoid and androgens deficiency. Prompt diagnosis and management are essential and may even be life-saving.Methods: We retrospectively ...

We presented the case of a 21 years old patient, derived from Primary Care to evaluate low testosterone levels (total testosterone (TT) 0.44 ng/ml). His father had delayed pubety and his mother menarche was at 11 years. No other personal history of interest. He had adequate child development and vaccination. No parotiditis. He referred some morning erections. Weight 59 kg, size 171 cm and BMI 20.17 kg/m2. Testes volume (TV) of 4-5 cc, scanty pubic hair. Tanner stage...

Introduction: Cryptorchidism is the most common abnormality of male sexual development. Approximately 5% of cases of cryptorchidism are associated with vanishing testes syndrome. This rare condition occurs when an initially normal testicle that existed in fetal life subsequently atrophies. Affected patients usually have normal male external genitalia and hypergonadotropic hypogonadism. This disease is usually diagnosed in early childhood allowing for normal sexual development ...

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine condition in women at reproductive age, in whom, glucose metabolism disturbances are commonly observed. In addition, overweight and obesity, especially visceral obesity, are more prevalent in PCOS women, which enhances the resistance to insulin action, and as consequence, the onset of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and/or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Clinical guidelines recommend oral glucose tolerance te...

Introduction: Differentiated thyroid carcinoma is usually associated with a good prognosis. However, some of these tumors (5%) are radioiodine refractory and have different progression, associated with poor prognosis. In these situations, some tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) can be used. We present a clinical case showing the difficulties in the follow-up and treatment of these patients.Clinical case: A 60 years old woman, with a “multicentric papi...